Tin-based catalysts have been the significant catalysts for various products where they promote the reactions. The inorganic tin (Sn II) and organotin (Sn IV) families form the foundation for the key commercial tin catalysts. Due to a combination of ideal reactivity and stability characteristics and the availability of a wide range of ligands, tin catalysts are the go-to products for the above-mentioned reactions. The reactivity, hydrolytic and heat stability make tin catalysts suitable for various esterification reactions. In polyurethanes, tin catalysts provide for a good balanced front-end and back reactivity owing to their ability to catalyze the various polyurethane reactions such as polymerization/gelation and crosslinking. For silicones, tin catalysts are the ideal catalyst for catalyzing a wide range of silicone condensation reactions, here acting to promote the key crosslinking reactions
